Academic Achievement and Income

OLS Regression

In order to look at the relationship between different forms of academic achievement and median income, an Ordinary Least-Squares regression was performed using our academic achievement variables as the depenent variable and median income as the independent variable. This creates a map of standardized residuals which highlight spatial areas in the model where income was unable to predict the actual value. 

 

Hotspot Analysis

Next, a hotspot analyses was performed to determine where the standardized residuals were statistically significant to determine the spatial pattern of the relationship between different forms of academic achievement and median income.